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Kwiziq French covers every conceivable grammar topic and rule across the French language! This section contains some of the most popular lessons in our system. You might also like to look at our French verb conjugation tables.
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Popular lessons
A0: Pronouns
Saying your name: Je m'appelle, Tu t'appelles, Vous vous appelez
Tu and vous are used for three types of you
A0: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Je becomes j' with verbs beginning with a vowel (elision)
A0: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
J'habite à [city] = I live in [city]
Je viens de + [city] = I'm from + [city]
A0: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate être (je suis, tu es, vous êtes) in Le Présent (present tense)
A0: Adjectives & Adverbs
Make most adjectives feminine by adding -e
Nationalities differ depending on whether you're a man or a woman (adjectives)
A0: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate avoir (j'ai, tu as, vous avez) in Le Présent (present tense)
A0: Nouns & Articles
Using un, une to say "a" (indefinite articles)
Job titles differ depending on whether you're a man or a woman (nouns)
Don't use un, une when giving people's professions (zero article)
A0: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Avoir [nombre] ans = To be [number] years old
A0: Numbers, Time & Date
A0: Questions & Interrogatives
Qu'est-ce que c'est... and Qu'est-ce que c'est que ça/cela ? = What is... / What's that?
A0: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
A0: Nouns & Articles
Using le, la, l' to say "the" (definite articles)
Plurals of the and a = les and des (articles)
A0: Adjectives & Adverbs
Adjectives usually go AFTER nouns (adjective position)
A0: Nouns & Articles
Most nouns take an -s in the plural unless they already end in -s, -x, -z
A0: Adjectives & Adverbs
Make most adjectives plural by adding -s
Short and common adjectives that go BEFORE nouns (adjective position)
A0: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate aller (je vais, tu vas, vous allez) in Le Présent (present tense)
A0: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Avoir chaud / froid = To be hot / cold
Avoir faim / soif = To be hungry / thirsty
A0: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate faire (je fais, tu fais, vous faites) in Le Présent (Present Tense)
A1: Pronouns
Il, elle, ils, elles = it, he, she, they
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate avoir in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Pronouns
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Replacing compound subjects with subject pronouns nous, vous, ils, elles
A1: Nouns & Articles
Using du, de la, de l', des to express some or any (partitive articles)
A1: Negative Words & Constructions
Using ne ... pas with simple tenses (negation)
Un, une become de or d' in negative sentences (indefinite articles)
Du, de la, de l', des all become de or d' in negative sentences (partitive articles)
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate être in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Questions & Interrogatives
C'est quoi, Qu'est-ce que c'est ? = What's that?
A1: Pronouns
C'est vs il/elle est: Saying it is
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Standalone adjectives after c'est are always masculine
Colour descriptions change according to gender and number (adjectives)
Adjectives ending with mute -e don't change in the feminine form
A1: Pronouns
C'est, ce sont = this is, these are (demonstrative pronouns)
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Expressing possession with 'de'
Mon, ma, mes; ton, ta, tes; son, sa, ses = my; your; his / her (possessive adjectives)
A1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Using dans, sur, sous, devant, derrière, entre to say in, on top of, under, in front of, behind (prepositions)
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Notre, nos, votre, vos, leur, leurs = our, your, their (possessive adjectives)
Forming the feminine of nouns and adjectives ending in -ien, -ion, -on
A1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
En vs dans with locations (prepositions)
A1: Pronouns
A1: Numbers, Time & Date
Telling the time in French - simple
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Expressing timeliness (late, early, on time) - in general
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate aller in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Nouns & Articles
À + le = au, à + les = aux, de + le = du, de + les = des (contractions of articles)
A1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
À côté de, en face de, à l'extérieur de, à l'intérieur de, près de, loin de, au coin de (prepositions)
Pour + infinitive = In order to
A1: Nouns & Articles
Continents, countries, regions & states are masculine, feminine or plural (gender)
Using le, la, l', les with continents, countries & regions names (definite articles)
A1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Using en with feminine countries and au(x) with masculine countries to say in or to (prepositions)
En, dans = In, to with regions, states, counties (prepositions)
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate venir, tenir and derivatives in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Using 'à' (to/in) and 'de' (from/of) with cities (prepositions)
Venir de, d', du, des + country / state / region = To come/be from
Using à, en, par with means of transport (prepositions)
Dans, sur with streets and transportation (prepositions)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Talking about the weather with il fait
Talking about the weather with il y a
A1: Nouns & Articles
Prepositions with seasons: en, l', au
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate regular -er verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Questions & Interrogatives
Asking yes/no questions with intonation, est-ce que, n'est-ce pas
A1: Negative Words & Constructions
Using 'si' instead of 'oui' to disagree with a negative question or statement
A1: Nouns & Articles
Using le, la, l', les before nouns when generalising (definite articles)
Identifying gender by some word endings
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Using Le Présent where English uses Present Tense (current actions, habits and situations)
Conjugate faire in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Faire de, jouer à : talking about leisure activities
Jouer de = to play an instrument
A1: Nouns & Articles
Using le with days of the week + weekend
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate vouloir in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Adjectives ending in -eux become -euse in the feminine form
A1: Negative Words & Constructions
Ne ... jamais = Never (negation)
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate pouvoir in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Numbers, Time & Date
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Adjectives ending in -s or -x only change their feminine forms when plural
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate devoir in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Numbers, Time & Date
Expressing large numbers: thousands, millions and billions
A1: Questions & Interrogatives
Questions with qui, que, quoi, quand, où, comment, pourquoi, combien
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Ça m'est égal = I don't mind/care (idiomatic expressions)
Expressing how you are with aller (greetings)
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate regular -ir verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Numbers, Time & Date
Writing decimal numbers in French
A1: Nouns & Articles
Using le, la, les with weights and measures (definite articles)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
A1: Nouns & Articles
Forming the plural of nouns ending in -au or -eau
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Beau, nouveau, vieux, fou, mou have two masculine forms and one feminine form
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Faire les courses vs faire les magasins
A1: Pronouns
Moi, toi, lui, elle = me, you, him, her (stress pronouns)
A1: Negative Words & Constructions
Non plus = neither / nor (negation)
A1: Pronouns
Nous, vous, eux, elles = us, you, them (stress pronouns)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Expressing possession with être à
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate croire in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Pronouns
Penser que, croire que = To think that, to believe that
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Forming regular adverbs with -ment
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate semi-regular -cer verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Nouns & Articles
Using le, la, les with body parts and clothing (definite articles)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Avoir mal (à) = To be in pain, to hurt somewhere
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate semi-regular -ger verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate reflexive verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
Conjugate reflexive verb se réveiller in Le Présent (present tense)
Conjugate reflexive verb s'habiller in Le Présent (present tense)
Conjugate reflexive verb se coucher in Le Présent (present tense)
Conjugate reflexive verb se laver in Le Présent (present tense)
Conjugate reflexive verb s'amuser in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Numbers, Time & Date
Telling the time in French - AM vs PM
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate -é(-)er, -e(-)er verbs in Le Présent (except -eter and -eler)
Conjugate reflexive verb se lever in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Negative Words & Constructions
Using ne ... pas with reflexive verbs in simple tenses (negation)
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate partir, sortir and other -tir verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Using 'sentir' to describe senses
A1: Nouns & Articles
Using le, la, les with titles, languages and academic subjects (definite articles)
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate -eter and -eler verbs in Le Présent - main rule (ll / tt)
Conjugate prendre and derivatives in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Numbers, Time & Date
Using an/année, matin/matinée, jour/journée, soir/soirée : time unit vs duration
A1: Nouns & Articles
Forming the plural of nouns ending in -al
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Using Le Présent for ongoing actions where English uses Present Continuous
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Être en train de : expressing ongoing actions in the present
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate dire and derivatives in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Pronouns
Me, te, nous, vous = Me, you, us, you (direct and indirect object pronouns)
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate dormir and other -mir verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Forming the feminine of adjectives ending in -el, -eil, -il, -ul, -et, -s
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate écrire and inscrire in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Numbers, Time & Date
Forming ordinal numbers (1st, 2nd, 10th...)
Ordinal and cardinal numbers - differences between French and English usages
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Using Le Présent for immediate/near future actions
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Beau, nouveau, vieux have different plural forms for masculine and feminine (adjectives)
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Aller + infinitive = to be going to (Le Futur Proche)
A1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Chez = at someone's place (prepositions)
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate lire in Le Présent (present tense)
Conjugate reflexive verbs in Le Futur Proche (aller + infinitive)
Venir de + infinitive = To have just done (Le Passé Proche)
Conjugate mettre and derivatives in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Adjectives ending in -er become -ère in the feminine
A1: Nouns & Articles
Forming the plural of nouns ending in -eu
A1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Compound nouns formed with prepositions à, de, en
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Avoir peur de = To be afraid/scared of
A1: Pronouns
Tout le monde = Everybody (indefinite pronouns)
A1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Compound nouns formed with noun + à + verb-infinitive
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate -eter and -eler verbs in Le Présent - exceptions in 'è'
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Ça y est = That's it, It's done
Ça ne fait rien = It doesn't matter
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate reflexive verb s'asseoir in Le Présent (present tense)
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Other adjectives that go BEFORE nouns
A1: Nouns & Articles
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Être d'accord avec = to agree with
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate boire in Le Présent (present tense)
A2: Questions & Interrogatives
Questions: Que ... = What ... ?
A2: Pronouns
What are subjects, objects, and pronouns? (grammar point)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate regular -dre verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Monter dans, descendre de = To get on, off transportation (prepositions)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Aimer = to love, like something / someone
A2: Pronouns
Replacing nouns with le, la, l', les = it, him, her, them (direct object pronouns)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Common mistakes with mon/ma/mes, ton/ta/tes and son/sa/ses (possessive adjectives)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Translating the -ing form of verbs with L'Infinitif (not -ant)
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
Ne ... pas du tout = Not at all (negation)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Using "mon" rather than "ma" with feminine nouns starting with a vowel or mute h (possessive adjectives)
A2: Pronouns
Using 'trouver' to express 'to find' and opinions
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Bien, mal, mieux, moins, peu (irregular adverbs)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Using 'sentir bon' and 'se sentir bien'
Avoir raison / tort / de la chance = To be right / wrong / lucky
A2: Pronouns
Replacing people with lui, leur = him, her, them (indirect object pronouns)
Position of object pronouns with verbs in simple tenses
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Using "plaire" to express liking something / someone
A2: Pronouns
Position of object pronouns with infinitives
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Il faut : expressing necessity and obligation
A2: Questions & Interrogatives
Questions: Quel, quels, quelle, quelles = Which / what ?
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Ce/cet/cette and ces = this/that and these/those (demonstrative adjectives)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Aller à = to suit someone (expressions with aller)
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
Ne ... plus = No more, no longer (negation)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate semi-regular -oyer, -ayer, -uyer verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
A2: Pronouns
Tout, tous, toute, toutes = Everything, all (of them), the whole
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Forming adverbs from adjectives ending in a vowel
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Visiter vs rendre visite à = To visit a place vs a person
A2: Questions & Interrogatives
Forming inverted questions in Le Présent (except il, elle, on forms)
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
Ne ... rien = Nothing (negation)
Position of direct and indirect object pronouns with negation
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate savoir in Le Présent (present tense)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Se promener, promener, marcher, aller à pied = To walk
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
Ne ... personne = No one, nobody (negation)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate connaître, paraître and derivatives in Le Présent (present tense)
Using nous, vous, ils/elles when conjugating verbs for multiple people
A2: Pronouns
Using stress pronouns in compound subjects and objects (unlike English)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Manquer (à) = To miss someone/something emotionally
Connaître vs savoir = to know something vs to know how to do
A2: Pronouns
Expressing 'myself, etc...' with stress pronouns and 'même'
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
N'avoir plus de = To have none left (negation)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Using mon, ma, mes, etc with parts of the body (possessive adjectives)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Manquer (de) + thing = To miss / lack something
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
Restrictive ne … que = only (simple tenses)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate voir and derivatives in Le Présent (present tense)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Forming the feminine of adjectives ending in -f
Making comparisons with adjectives: plus... que, aussi... que, moins... que
A2: Pronouns
Moi, toi, lui, elle, nous, vous, eux, elles (advanced stress pronouns)
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
Ne ... pas non plus = Not ... either (negation)
A2: Questions & Interrogatives
Forming inverted questions in Le Présent with il, elle, on
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Faire exprès = To do something on purpose
A2: Questions & Interrogatives
Questions: Qui, qui est-ce qui = Who ?
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate ouvrir, découvrir and derivatives in Le Présent (present tense)
A2: Pronouns
Quelqu'un, Quelqu'un d'autre = Someone, Someone else (indefinite pronouns)
A2: Questions & Interrogatives
Questions: Qui / qui est-ce que = Whom ?
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Adjectives after personne, rien, tout le monde, quelqu'un are always masculine
A2: Pronouns
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate suivre, vivre and derivatives in Le Présent (present tense)
A2: Pronouns
En with quantities = Of them (adverbial pronoun)
A2: Numbers, Time & Date
Une dizaine = Ten or so (approximate numbers)
A2: Pronouns
Autre chose / quelque chose d'autre = Something else (indefinite pronouns)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate servir and other -vir verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
A2: Pronouns
L'autre, les autres = The other one(s) (indefinite pronouns)
Quelques, plusieurs, de nombreux = A few, several, many (quantities)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate recevoir and other -cevoir verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
Ne ... aucun(e) = None (negation)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Making comparisons with adverbs: plus... que, aussi... que, moins... que
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
Ne ... pas assez (de) = Not enough (of)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Forming adverbs from adjectives ending in -ant and -ent
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate conduire and other -uire verbs in Le Présent (present tense)
Making comparisons with verbs: plus que, autant que, moins que
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
Ne ... ni ... ni = Neither ... nor (negation)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
D'autres vs des autres = Others (indefinite adjectives)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate regular verbs in L'Impératif (imperative)
A2: Pronouns
Me becomes moi in affirmative commands (L'Impératif)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Forming the feminine of adjectives ending in -c
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
Forming simple negative commands (L'Impératif)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Faire mal à vs faire du mal à = to hurt someone
A2: Pronouns
Le, la, les vs lui, leur in affirmative commands (L'Impératif)
Chacun, chacune, chaque = each, each one (indefinite adjectives and pronouns)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate regular -er verbs (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Using 'depuis' (since / for) with Le Présent and NOT Le Passé Composé (prepositions of time)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Il y a + duration = Ago (expressions of time)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate regular -ir verbs (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
Using 'ne ... pas' with compound tenses (negation)
A2: Numbers, Time & Date
Prochain / dernier = Next / last (durations)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Le Passé Composé is mostly used where English uses Simple Past
Conjugate regular -dre verbs (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Pronouns
Position of object pronouns with verbs in compound tenses
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Faire peur (à) = To scare someone
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate faire (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Faire la queue = To queue [US: to be / stand in line]
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
After / before versus in front of / behind (prepositions of time and place)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate avoir (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Position of adverbs with verbs in compound tenses
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Expressing for + [duration] with either pendant, durant, depuis or pour (prepositions of time)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate être (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Forming the feminine of faux and adjectives ending in -oux
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate coming and going verbs (+ être) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
Agreeing past participle with subject's gender and number with (+ être) verbs in Le Passé Composé
A2: Numbers, Time & Date
Saying 'from ... to ...' + dates and times
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Expressing timeliness (late, early) - precise
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate mourir, naître, décéder, devenir, rester (+ être) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Pronouns
Le/la même, les mêmes = The same (indefinite pronouns)
A2: Nouns & Articles
Nouns that are plural in English but singular in French, and vice versa
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate reflexive verbs (+être) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Se souvenir de, se rappeler (de) = To remember
A2: Pronouns
Ne ... pas grand-chose = Not much (negation)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate prendre and derivatives (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Rappeler (à quelqu'un) = to remind (someone)
A2: Pronouns
Le mien, le tien, le sien, etc = Mine, yours, his/hers/its (possessive pronouns)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate voir, devoir, pouvoir, boire, croire, savoir, lire, taire (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
De plus en plus and de moins en moins = more and more and less and less (comparisons with adjectives, adverbs, verbs)
Frais, long, favori, rigolo have irregular feminine forms (adjectives)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate mettre and derivatives (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
En vs dans (prepositions of time)
A2: Pronouns
Le nôtre, le vôtre, le leur, etc = Ours, yours, theirs (possessive pronouns)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate ouvrir, découvrir and derivatives (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Pronouns
N'importe qui = Anyone (indefinite pronouns)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Expressing possession with son, sa, ses and personne, tout le monde, chacun, il faut (possessive adjectives)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate recevoir and other -cevoir verbs (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Use notre/nos when on means we, but son/sa/ses when it means people (possessive adjectives)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Faire partie de = To be part of
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate -aindre, -eindre, -oindre verbs (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Nouns & Articles
De plus en plus de and de moins en moins de = more and more and less and less (comparisons of nouns)
A2: Questions & Interrogatives
Forming inverted questions with subject pronouns in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate regular verbs in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
Expressing continuing action in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Avoir envie de = To feel like, want to
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Quel, quelle, quels, quelles + noun = What a ...
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate être in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Être en train de : expressing ongoing actions in the past
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Describing and expressing opinions in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
Conjugate semi-regular -cer verbs in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Faire confiance (à) = To trust
A2: Nouns & Articles
Forming the plural of nouns ending in -ou
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate semi-regular -ger verbs in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
Expressing habits or repeated actions in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Avoir l'habitude = To be in the habit of, to tend to
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate reflexive verbs in L'Imparfait (imperfect tense)
A2: Questions & Interrogatives
Forming inverted questions with names, things and emphasis
A2: Nouns & Articles
Nouns that change meaning depending on whether they're masculine or feminine
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Le plus and le moins = the most and the least (superlative of adverbs)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
A2: Pronouns
N'importe quoi = Nonsense, anything (indefinite pronouns)
A2: Numbers, Time & Date
Doing arithmetic (numbers, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
A2: Questions & Interrogatives
Forming inverted questions in Le Présent, special cases: puis-je, ai-je, suis-je
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate verbs in -aindre, -eindre, -oindre in Le Présent (present tense)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Devoir vs avoir besoin de to express "to need to"
Avoir honte de = to be ashamed of
A2: Questions & Interrogatives
Qu'est-ce qui + [verb] = What [does]...
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate vouloir (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
Conjugate tenir and derivatives (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
Conjugate dire (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
Conjugate vivre (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
Conjugate courir in Le Présent (present tense)
Conjugate rire and sourire in Le Présent (present tense)
Conjugate offrir and souffrir (+ avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
Conjugate courir and derivatives (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
Conjugate offrir et souffrir in Le Présent (present tense)
Conjugate suivre (+avoir) in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
Forming Le Gérondif: en + '-ant' (while/by + -ing)
Conjugate pouvoir in Le Conditionnel Présent = could (conditional mood)
Conjugate devoir in Le Conditionnel Présent = should (conditional mood)
Conjugate avoir in le Conditionnel Présent (conditional mood)
B1: Negative Words & Constructions
Aucun/e … ne = None of them (negation)
Personne ne ..., rien ne ... = No one, nothing (negation)
Ne ... nulle part = Nowhere (negation)
Ni l'un(e) ni l'autre ne ... = Neither [one nor the other] (negation)
Restrictive ne … que = only (compound tenses)
Informal negation: omitting ne
Using 'ne ... pas' with reflexive verbs in compound tenses (negation)
B1: Nouns & Articles
Names for domestic animals are often different for male, female and baby
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Dernier = final / previous (adjectives that change meaning according to position)
B1: Negative Words & Constructions
Position of negation with two verbs (conjugated + infinitive)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Using Le Passé Composé or Le Présent in negative sentences with ''depuis''
Passer can be used with avoir or être in Le Passé Composé... and changes meaning
Passer, se passer, se passer de (different meanings of 'passer')
B1: Questions & Interrogatives
Forming inverted questions with nouns in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Forming the feminine of adjectives ending in -u
B1: Pronouns
Qui = Who, which, that (relative pronouns)
Certain(e)s d'entre eux/elles = Some of them (indefinite pronouns)
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Ancien = former / old (adjectives that change meaning according to position)
Cher= dear / expensive (adjectives that change meaning according to position)
Certain = specific / sure (adjectives that change meaning according to position)
Propre = own / clean (adjectives that change meaning according to position)
Vrai = real / true (adjectives that change meaning according to position)
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Expressing distance '(at) ... km from ...' = à ... de ... (prepositions)
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Better and better, worse and worse = de mieux en mieux, de pire en pire (comparisons)
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate être in Le Futur (future tense)
Conjugate faire in Le Futur (future tense)
Conjugate avoir in Le Futur (future tense)
B1: Negative Words & Constructions
Using double and multiple negatives (negation)
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in Le Futur (future tense)
Forming affirmative commands with reflexive verbs (L'Impératif)
B1: Negative Words & Constructions
Forming negative commands with reflexive verbs (L'Impératif)
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Le, la, les plus and le, la, les moins = the most and the least (superlatives of adjectives)
Meilleur, mieux, pire / plus mauvais, plus mal = better, best, worse and worst (irregular comparatives and superlatives)
B1: Questions & Interrogatives
Forming inverted questions with reflexive verbs in Le Présent
B1: Pronouns
Using le or l' to refer to previously mentioned ideas (direct object pronoun)
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate courir in Le Futur (future tense)
Conjugate aller in Le Futur (future tense)
Conjugate vouloir in Le Futur (future tense)
Conjugate venir, tenir and derivatives in Le Futur (future tense)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Partir, laisser, quitter, sortir = To leave
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Using Le Futur after "quand" and "pendant que" instead of Le Présent
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Avoir un exam = To pass an exam
Passer un exam vs to pass an exam
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate regular verbs in Le Conditionnel Présent (conditional mood)
Conjugate être in Le Conditionnel Présent (conditional mood)
Conjugate faire in Le Conditionnel Présent (conditional mood)
Conjugate -dre and -re verbs in Le Futur (future tense)
Conjugate pouvoir in Le Futur (future tense)
Conjugate devoir in Le Futur (future tense)
Conjugate voir and envoyer in Le Futur (future tense)
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Quelque chose de spécial = Something special
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Using Le Passé Composé on its own or with L'Imparfait
Conjugate aller in Le Conditionnel Présent (conditional mood)
B1: Negative Words & Constructions
Using object and stress pronouns in negative commands (L'Impératif)
B1: Pronouns
Using "y" with affirmative commands (L'Impératif)
Using "en" with affirmative commands (L'Impératif)
B1: Questions & Interrogatives
Forming inverted questions with reflexive verbs in Le Passé Composé
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Forming the plural of adjectives ending in -al
Forming the plural of adjectives ending in -al (exceptions)
Même can mean "same", "itself", "very", "exact" and "precise" as an adjective, and "even" as an adverb
Quelque(s) vs (un) peu de = A couple/a few vs a bit of/few (indefinite adjectives)
Compound colour names and colour names derived from things are invariable
Plus... plus..., moins... moins... = the more...the more..., the less...the less... (comparisons with phrases)
Supérieur à, inférieur à, intérieur à, extérieur à (irregular comparatives)
B1: Pronouns
Ce que (vs ce qui) = what, which (relative pronouns)
Replacing adjectives with le (direct object pronoun)
Ce qui (vs ce que) = what, which (relative pronouns)
En can replace de + phrase (adverbial pronoun)
Y can replace à + thing / object / location (adverbial pronoun)
Celui, celle, ceux, celles = the one(s) (demonstrative pronouns)
Que = Whom, which, that (relative pronouns)
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
Chaque, tous les + [duration] = Each, every (indefinite adjectives)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Faillir + infinitive = I almost did something
B1: Pronouns
L'un(e) ... l'autre, les un(e)s ... les autres = One ... the other(s) (indefinite pronouns)
B1: Numbers, Time & Date
Expressing fractions - general (numbers)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Using L'Imparfait in hypothetical clauses introduced by si (if) + Le Conditionnel Présent
By + [point in time] = d'ici ...
Avoir du mal à / avec = To have trouble, to struggle to / with
B1: Nouns & Articles
Using ''de / d' '' instead of 'des' in front of adjectives preceding nouns (partitive article)
B1: Numbers, Time & Date
Expressing dimensions and measurements (numbers)
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Using prepositions with celebration days, like Christmas
Using prepositions with name days, like Saint Valentine's Day
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate mourir in Le Présent (present tense)
Conjugate valoir in Le Présent (present tense)
Conjugate -éXer, -eXer, -eter, -eler verbs in Le Futur (future tense)
Conjugate semi-regular -oyer, -ayer, -uyer verbs in Le Futur (future tense)
Conjugate recevoir and other -cevoir verbs in Le Futur (future tense)
Conjugate paraître, connaître and derivatives (+ avoir) - except apparaître and naître - in Le Passé Composé (conversational past)
Conjugate savoir in Le Futur (future tense)
Conjugate regular -er, -ir, -dre verbs (+ avoir) in Le Plus-que-parfait (pluperfect tense)
Conjugate être, avoir, faire, prendre (+ avoir) in Le Plus-que-parfait (pluperfect tense)
B2: Pronouns
Reflexive + direct object (double pronouns)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate pouvoir in Le Conditionnel Passé = could have (past conditional)
Conjugate devoir in Le Conditionnel Passé = should have (past conditional)
B2: Nouns & Articles
Making comparisons with nouns: plus de... que, moins de... que, autant de... que
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate verbs (+ être) in Le Plus-que-parfait (pluperfect tense)
J'allais + infinitive = I was going to (Le Futur Proche in the past)
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Avant de + infinitive = Before + -ing
B2: Pronouns
Using direct and indirect object pronouns together (double object pronouns)
Tout ce qui, tout ce que = All, everything that
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate être in Le Subjonctif Présent (subjunctive mood)
Conjugate avoir in Le Subjonctif Présent (subjunctive mood)
B2: Pronouns
Où = where AND when (relative pronouns)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate aller in Le Subjonctif Présent (subjunctive mood)
Conjugate faire in Le Subjonctif Présent (subjunctive mood)
B2: Pronouns
Dans lequel / laquelle : alternative to où with places (relative pronouns)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate prendre and derivatives in Le Subjonctif Présent (subjunctive mood)
Il faut que is always followed by Le Subjonctif Présent (subjunctive mood)
Conjugate verbs with irregular past participles in Le Conditionnel Passé (past conditional)
B2: Pronouns
Indirect object + en (double pronouns)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate regular -er, -ir, -dre verbs (+ avoir) in Le Conditionnel Passé (past conditional)
Descendre can be used with avoir or être in Le Passé Composé... and changes meaning
Monter can be used with avoir or être in Le Passé Composé... and changes meaning
Sortir can be used with avoir or être in Le Passé Composé... and changes meaning
Entrer can be used with avoir or être in Le Passé Composé... and changes meaning
Conjugate regular verbs in Le Subjonctif Présent (subjunctive mood)
B2: Pronouns
Direct object + y (double pronouns)
B2: Questions & Interrogatives
Comment ça se fait ? / Comment se fait-il que... ? = How come? / How is it that...?
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate verbs (+ être) in Le Conditionnel Passé (past conditional)
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Depuis que + verb = (ever) since + verb
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Attendre quelqu'un vs s'attendre à quelque chose = to wait vs to expect
B2: Numbers, Time & Date
When to use "demain"/"hier" vs "le lendemain"/"la veille" vs "le jour suivant"/"le jour précédent"
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Faire + L'Infinitif = to have something done (causative)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate cueillir and derivatives in Le Présent (present tense)
B2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Ainsi que = as well as, just as vs the way that
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Special cases when the past participle agrees (in number & gender) when used with 'avoir' in Le Passé Composé
Retourner can be used with avoir or être in Le Passé Composé... and changes meaning
Rentrer can be used with avoir or être in Le Passé Composé... and changes meaning
Repasser can be used with avoir or être in Le Passé Composé... and changes meaning
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Soit ... soit ... = Either ... or...
Malgré, en dépit de = Despite, in spite of
B2: Pronouns
Prepositions + qui, lequel, laquelle, etc : on what, behind whom, beside which (relative pronouns)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate venir, tenir and derivatives in Le Subjonctif Présent (subjunctive mood)
Conjugate pouvoir in Le Plus-que-parfait (pluperfect tense)
Conjugate devoir in Le Plus-que-parfait (pluperfect tense)
B2: Pronouns
À + qui, auquel, à laquelle = to whom, what, which (relative pronouns)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate reflexive verbs in Le Plus-que-Parfait (pluperfect tense)
Conjugate vouloir in Le Subjonctif Présent (subjunctive mood)
Conjugate être, avoir, savoir in L'Impératif (imperative)
B2: Pronouns
Using double object pronouns in affirmative commands (L'Impératif)
B2: Negative Words & Constructions
Negating infinitives in indirect speech
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Vouloir que is always followed by Le Subjonctif Présent (subjunctive mood)
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Pour que (so that, in order that) is always followed by Le Subjonctif Présent (subjunctive mood)
B2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Ce, cet, cette, ces [duration] -là / -ci = that/those or this/these [duration] (demonstrative adjectives)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Aimer que / détester que + Le Subjonctif = to like / hate that
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate verbs in Le Subjonctif Passé (past subjunctive)
B2: Pronouns
De + qui, duquel, de laquelle, dont = Of/about whom (relative pronouns)
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Although = bien que + Le Subjonctif or même si + L'Indicatif
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate savoir in Le Subjonctif Présent (subjunctive mood)
Conjugate pouvoir in Le Subjonctif Présent (subjunctive mood)
Il est (important) que + Le Subjonctif = It is (important) for (someone) to ...
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Using Le Subjonctif after penser, trouver. savoir, croire, prétendre + que in the negative
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate avoir, être, faire and other irregular verbs in Le Futur Antérieur (future perfect)
Conjugate regular -er, -ir, -dre verbs (+ avoir) in Le Futur Antérieur (future perfect)
Conjugate vouloir, pouvoir, devoir in Le Futur Antérieur (future perfect)
Conjugate verbs (+ être) in Le Futur antérieur (future perfect)
B2: Adjectives & Adverbs
Forming the superlative of adjectives in complex cases
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate cueillir and derivatives in Le Futur (future tense)
B2: Pronouns
Using reflexive pronouns to express 'each other'
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Recognising être in Le Passé Simple
Recognising avoir in Le Passé Simple
Recognising faire in Le Passé Simple
Recognising all -er verbs Le Passé Simple (including aller)
Recognising regular -ir verbs in Le Passé Simple
Recognising voir and vivre in Le Passé Simple
Recognising regular -dre verbs in Le Passé Simple
Recognising venir, tenir and derivatives in Le Passé Simple
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Merci de / pour = Thank you for
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Avoir besoin que + Le Subjonctif = To need [someone] to [do something]
C1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate haïr in Le Présent (present tense)
C1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Au cas où + Le Conditionnel = In case
C1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Après que + L'Indicatif = After + verb
C1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Quand, lorsque, après que, une fois que + Le Futur Antérieur = 'when, after I've done in the future
Forming La Voix Passive with simple tenses (passive voice)
C1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Après avoir fait = After doing (auxiliary avoir)
C1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Demeurer can be used with avoir or être in Le Passé Composé... and changes meaning
Agreeing past participle with 'on' (compound tenses)
C1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Après être allé = After going (auxiliary être)
C1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Forming La Voix Passive with compound tenses (passive voice)
Conjugate coudre in Le Présent (present tense)
C1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Jusqu'à ce que + Le Subjonctif = Until [someone] does [something]
C1: Negative Words & Constructions
Understanding ne ... point (negation)
C1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Avant que + ne explétif + Le Subjonctif = Before I do
Understanding the 'ne' explétif
C1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Pour avoir fait = Cause for doing (simple expression)
C1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
De peur que + Le Subjonctif = For fear that
C1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
Pour être allé = Cause for going (complex expression)
C1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Sans que (+ ne explétif) + Le Subjonctif = Without doing
C1: Pronouns
Ceci, cela = this, that (demonstrative pronouns)
C1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate moudre in Le Présent (present tense)
C1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
À moins que + ne explétif + Le Subjonctif = Unless you do
C1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate all -er verbs in Le Passé simple (including aller)
Conjugate être in Le Passé Simple
Conjugate avoir in Le Passé Simple
C1: Negative Words & Constructions
C1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate regular -ir verbs in Le Passé Simple
Conjugate faire in Le Passé Simple
C1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
Que + Le Subjonctif = Whether [one does something]
C1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
Conjugate regular -dre verbs in Le Passé Simple
Conjugate voir and vivre in Le Passé Simple
